Physician and scientist leadership in academic medicine: strategic planning for a successful academic leadership career.

In medical school and during the residency and fellowship training periods, the focus of the educational process centers appropriately on health, illness, and the disease process. This is the time period where skills are developed and honed to provide exemplary care of the patient as well as the development of research interests and proficiency. Once the training period has been completed, the physician enters into the practice of medicine where not only clinical or research skills are required, but an increasing level of leadership is also fundamental. Yet, during the training period, little if any formal education includes preparation for a leadership position. Most successful academic leaders have nurtured a career pathway that allowed them the opportunity to be selected for leadership positions. Hard work, diligence, and recognition for either clinical or research expertise enhances career options for academic leadership. Six basic principles have been adapted for the strategic planning for a successful and effective leadership career in academic medicine. They include (1) develop a vision, (2) cultivate a plan, (3) focus, (4) seek counsel, (5) periodically reassess, and (6) enjoy the journey.